电离层对核电磁脉冲传播特性影响的分析

The analysis of the propagation of transient electromagnetic pulse through ionosphere

引入傅立叶变换,对高空核爆激励的瞬态电磁脉冲信号通过电离层向同步卫星轨道传播后的波形进行了分析。由于电离层的色散特性,使原来的瞬态电磁场不同频率的成分相互分离,频率高的相速度快,频率低的相速度慢,使到达卫星轨道的波形成为一衰减振荡,且波形持续时间拉大。考虑电离层的衰减,对20～100km爆高的核电磁脉冲传播至卫星轨道后的电场仍是可以监测到的。

In this paper, the Fourier transform is used to analyze the waveform on the synchronous satellite orbit that the transient EMP generated by a high altitude nuclear detonation propagate through the ionosphere. The original frequency of transient field are separated by dispersive ionosphere. The phase velocity of the high frequency EMP is larger than that of the low frequency, so the waveform of field on the satellite-orbit becomes decaying oscillating with longer duration.