试论建构主义及其在中国的前途

A Tentative Analysis of Constructivism and Its Future in China

建构主义的知识体系可概括为“2 31 4 4” ,即两个发展阶段、三次学术论战、一种主要研究方法、四个流派和四大研究领域。建构主义推动了国际政治社会学 (IPS)进入学科酝酿阶段 ,恢复了国关研究中的实践理性 ,同时在单位认同的内生研究和实证研究方面存在缺失。近年来建构主义沿着内涵式和外延式两个方向发展 ,其中德国学派的发展令人注目。建构主义在中国的乐观前途 ,不但因为中国社会的特点具备了使建构主义上升为主流理论的社会土壤 ,还在于它能够在世界秩序、中国和平崛起以及台湾问题方面有着较强的解释力。

The knowledge system of constructivism can be summarized as“23144,”namely,two development phases,three theoretical debates,one main methodology,four research areas,and four major schools.Constructivism has greatly advanced international political sociology (IPS) into maturity as a discipline,and restored the position of practical rationality in IR studies.However,it has been lacking in studies of the internal genesis of unit identity and in positivist research.In recent days,constructivism has been developing notably in two directions.One is toward enriching itself as a complete theory,and the other toward incorporating other modes of thinking into a more comprehensive theory.It is noteworthy that the German School of constructivism stands out in its study of the roles of language and communication in IR.The future of constructivism in China is determined not only by the features of Chinese society that prepare the soil for constructivism to ascend to a mainstream theory in China,but also by its strength in explaining many major Chinese issues regarding the world order,the peaceful rise of China , and the Taiwan Question.