从CUSPEA项目到中国博士后制度

From CUSPEA to China's Postdoctoral System

为进一步打开中国学生留学之门,在李政道教授的推动下,1981年建立了中美联合培养物理类研究生计划,即CUSPEA(China＿UnitedStatesPhysicsExaminationandApplication)项目。随之十年来,先后选派近千名留学生赴美攻读学位。1983年和1984年5月李政道教授先后致信国家领导人谈到,在美国的CUSPEA的优秀学生取得学位以后将陆续回国,如何妥善安排工作使他们继续发展和成长为中国极需要的高科技人才是一个紧急的问题。李政道教授建议借鉴国外培养年轻高级人才的经验,在国内某些学术水平较高、科研条件较好的高等院校和研究机构设立"科研流动站"。李政道教授的建议对中国博士后制度的实施起到了关键作用,1985年7月,国务院批准试办博士后科研流动站,使博士后科研流动站成为加速培养和造就高水平的年轻科技人才和新的学术带头人的有效方式。

With the view of further opening up the door to Chinese students who need to study abroad, the CUSPEA project(China-United States Physics Examination and Application), promoted by professor Li Zheng-dao, was established in 1981. In the following 10 years, nearly one thousand students were sent to America to study for degrees. In 1983 and in May 1984, Professor Li Zheng-dao wrote to Chinese leaders. Professor Li suggested that we should borrow the experiences of other countries for fostering promising young researchers, and set up scientific research stations in some universities and research institutions that possessed high academic level and good research conditions. Professor Li's suggestion played a major role in bringing into practice the postdoctoral system in China. In July 1985, the State Department authorized the project to try out postdoctoral scientific research stations. It became an efficient mode that quickly brought up and fostered high-level young specialists in science and technology, as well as new academic leaders.