论唐末五代的“普遍苦吟现象”

On the "Common Phenomena of Laborious Versifying"in the Late Tang and Five Dyanasties

唐末五代是唐代苦吟诗风的高潮期 ,出现了全新的现象———普遍苦吟现象。苦吟不仅是中晚唐诗人的一种艰苦创作的自觉追求 ,而且是一种审美鉴赏的方式。孟郊和刘禹锡 ,分别代表了中唐以后两种不同的苦吟观念。到了唐末五代 ,两种苦吟观趋于合一 ,“苦吟”已成为绝大部分诗人的一种精神寄托 ,或排遣孤独寂寞 ,或自我陶醉于诗歌境界 ,其本身又成为诗歌的重要题材和意象 ;苦吟者的诗绝大多数更加通俗易懂 ;许多极端苦吟的现象都成为时人称赏的佳话。文章还从七个方面深入地探讨了普遍苦吟现象的文化根源 ,并论述了普遍苦吟现象与“晚唐体”五律诗兴盛之间的相互促进。

There were the wholly new phenomena of laborious versifying in the Late Tang and Five Dynacties. They were not only the conscious efforts of difficult creation made by the poets in the Middle and Late Tang,but also a posture and fashion of their aesthetic appreciation. Mr.Meng Jiao and Mr.Liu Yuxi represented two different kinds of notions of laborious versifying,which tended to merge into one in the Late Tang and Five Dynasties. Most of the poets who carried out the disciplines of laborions versifying found pleasure and relief in such engagements,which usually lent them important poetic themes and images. Besides,their poems made in such ways are mostly more popular and readable, and some extreme examples of laborins versifying used to be popular talks of the people then. The text also delves into the cultural source of such phenomena from seven respects, and asserts their mutually promoting and activating relation with the Five-characters- and- Eight-lines-poetry(lü-shi) in 'Late Tang Style'.