北宋“说三分”起源新考

A New Criticism on the Origin of "Talkes about Three Kingdoms"in the Northern Song Dynasty

山西沁县博物馆保留有一方北宋元丰三年 (10 80 )的新建关庙碑刻 ,记录着威胜军一旅参与抵抗交趾时受到关羽率阴兵护佑的情景 ,并追溯到狄青平定侬智高时的情形。本文考探狄青、郭逵、立碑主帅王文郁及与苏轼谈论“说三分”事之王彭 ,俱为先后戍守西夏前线之宋军主将 ,而王彭转述“说三分”事 ,且正好跨越西夏前线将士征发侬智高及交趾两事之间。宋军中的关羽崇拜实为沿袭唐代毗沙门信仰之遗绪 ,直到金代犹存。今存桂林龙隐岩之至和二年 (10 5 5 )摩崖碑刻有“擎天得胜关将军”字样 。

A monumental inscription in the newly erected temple of Guan Yu in 1080 is still protected by the Qin county museum in the province Shanxi,recording the immortal force of Guan Yu in supporting the Army Weisheng in combatding the aggression of Jiao zhi,so and so. Such a worship came from the Tang dynasty as a descending heritage of Bishamencult remained alive until the Jin dynasty. Besides ,another monumental inscription,made in Guilin in 1055 in the Age of Zhihe, also testifies such worship of Guan Yu in the Norhtern Song dynasty.