待客之道:从外事活动看近代上海华界与租界关系

The Way to Receive Guests: The Relationship between Chinese Territory and Foreign Concessions in Modern Shanghai as Examined through Foreign Affairs

近代上海一市三治,在外事活动中,华界与两租界都尽力凸显本区域地位,凸显各自的文化,凸显自己作为上海主人的身份。上海道台在豫园用八人大轿、中国传统菜肴接待美国来宾,是突出的例子。有些本属租界单独负责的外事活动,如英皇孙来访,上海道台也千方百计突出其地主身份。在有些外事活动中,如接待美国卸任总统格兰特、美国陆军部长达夫提、法军将军霞飞,三家也有联系与合作,甚至联合接待。由此可以看出华界与租界的关系,除了对立、竞争的一面,也有和谐、合作的一面。

There were three governments in modern Shanghai. In their foreign affairs, the Chinese territory and the two foreign concessions, British and French, were to make their every efforts to distinguish the status of their own region, own culture, and the identity as being the host of Shanghai. It was a prominent example that, in greeting American guests, Shanghai provincial governor supplied eight-men-carried sedan and Chinese traditional banquet. In some foreign-affair activities for which the concessions were responsible independently, such as the British royal grandson's visit, Shanghai provincial governor also tried every means to distinguish his host capacity. In other events, such as greeting the American President-off-office Grant, Army Minister Taft, and French General Joseph Joffre, the three parties contacted, cooperated, and even in joint greeting. Therefore, the relationship between Chinese Territory and the foreign concessions could be seen as both being in conflict and contending and in harmony and co-operation.