CIMMYT小麦在我国的产量和品质表现

Performance on Yield and Quality of CIMMYT Wheat in China

为了研究近年来国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)育成的小麦品种的产量、品质等性状及其在我国春麦区的表现,选用新引进的10个CIMMYT小麦新品种和我国15个主栽春小麦品种,在国内9个试点进行了两年联合多点试验。结果表明,CIMMYT小麦新品种对我国中西部地区适应性较好,在产量和品质方面总体表现较我国品种好,其中大多数品种具有优质高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS),沉淀值较高,对叶锈病抗性突出。今后在继续提高产量的同时,应把改良我国小麦的加工品质和抗病性作为重点,开展对CIMMYT小麦种质的直接和间接利用研究。

10 spring wheat germplasm from CIMMYT and 15 spring wheat cultivars from China, sown at 9 (locations) in 2001 and 2002 crop seasons, were used to investigate their performance on yield and industrial (quality). Significant differences were observed for all measured traits between China and CIMMYT wheat, and CIMMYT wheat performed wide adaptation with high and stable yield, good industrial (quality) and resistance to leaf rust. Therefore, CIMMYT wheat could contribute a lot to the spring wheat breeding program of China. It suggests that direct or indirect use of CIMMYT germplasm need to be further strengthened, and the priority of wheat breeding in China should be given to improve industrial (quality) and disease resistance, as well as high and stable yield.