糯小麦Wx基因的遗传特性

Inheritance of Wx Gene in Wheat with Waxy Kernels

为了明确糯小麦杂交后代Wx基因的分配规律及糯性籽粒出现的频率,以同时缺失Wx-A1、Wx-B1和Wx-D1基因的H9908、EH为纯糯亲本,普通小麦扬麦158、苏麦6号、济南17和豫麦50为非糯亲本,配制了16个(8对正反交)杂交组合,采用0.2%I2+2%KI碘液对杂种F1单株籽粒剖面染色,鉴定了糯性籽粒的分离特点。结果表明,在16个组合间糯性籽粒出现的频率为1.20%～1.61%,非糯与全糯的比例符合63∶1的理论比例;独立性测验表明,糯性籽粒在8对正反交组合间出现的比例差异不显著,全糯质与非糯质基因紧密连锁。文中还对糯小麦品种的选育作了讨论。

In order to investigate the segregation ratio of waxy kernels to non-waxy ones and frequency of waxy mutant kernels in F_1 from a cross between waxy mutant line and non-waxy wheat variety, sixteen reciprocal crosses were made with H9908 and EH (lacking Wx-A1, Wx-B1 and Wx-D1 genes) as waxy parents, (commercial) wheat varieties, Yangmai 158, Sumai 6, Jinan 17 and Yumai 50 as non-waxy parents. The crosscut endosperm of seeds from F1 plants was stained by 0.2% I_2+2% KI solution to examine the segregation of waxy kernels. The results showed that the observed frequency of waxy kernels ranged from 1.20 % to (1.61%), and the (segregation) ratio of waxy kernels to non-waxy ones was consistent with the expected 63∶1 (segregation) ratio. Test of independence indicated that the frequency of waxy kernels was not significantly (different) in the eight reciprocal crosses. The waxy seeds were closely linked with floury seed. In addition the selection for waxy wheat varieties was also discussed in the paper.