黑色岩系成矿作用及相关金属矿床找矿

ON THE METALLOGENESIS AND ORE-PROSPECTING OF BLACK ROCK SERIES

诸多矿床的形成和产出与黑色岩系、特别是有机质岩石有不可分割的关系,表现为矿床与黑色岩系的空间相关性。有机质(包括微生物)在成矿元素的活化、迁移、富集以及矿石矿物的结晶等方面起重要作用:富集过程中金属硫化物可以直接置换有机质,有机质还可以作为还原剂存在于含矿热液。石油固化为沥青过程中,金属元素沉淀的不同阶段有不同的作用:早期以还原作用为主,而晚期则出现氧化过程,沥青在此阶段也由均质体变为各向异性体,内部的化学组成也随之发生变化。黑色岩系矿床勘探中,目标层位的选择要考虑的因素有:有机质的丰富程度,有用组份的初始富集程度,目标层位内部的岩石组合。同时还要考虑区域成矿地质背景和热液通道—构造控制因素。

Many ore deposits in space are in correlation with black rock series, especially the organic rocks. The organic materials, including microbe, play important parts in the activization, removing, enrichment of metallo genetic elements and the crystallization of ore minerals. In the enrichment process, the metallic sulfide can directly replace organic material and the organic material can exist as a reductant in the ore-bearing thermal fluid. In the process of oil becoming pitch, metallic element plays different part in the different precipitate stage: the main process is reduced in early stage whereas it is oxidative later, in which the homogeneous pitch becomes heterogeneous and its chemical composition changes as well. In the exploration of ore deposit in black rock series, the consideration factors in target bed selection include the abundance of organic material, initial enrichment of useful components, rock assemblage in target bed. In the same time, the regional metallogenetic geological setting and the structural control factor as thermal fluid passage must be considered, too.