影响肉牛经济效益因素的分析

Analysis of the Factors Influencing Economic Profit of Beef Production

在当前牛肉市场贸易条件下影响肉牛经济效益的因素较多 ,诸如肉牛的品种、年龄、性别、架子牛体重、育肥期内饲养水平、牛肉大理石花纹丰富程度、育肥期长短、屠宰加工分割技术、销售策略和技巧、无谓损失等等。本文依据实际称量测定的山东省东营市广饶县凯银清真肉业公司屠宰肉牛 1 65 0头 (北方大地育肥公司饲养并委托屠宰 )的牛肉产量资料和牛肉销售价格进行分析而得。分析结果 :在诸多影响肉牛经济效益因素中排在第一位的是牛肉大理石花纹丰富程度 ( 1级牛高于 6级牛 5 5 5元 /头 ) ;第二位是育肥牛的年龄 ( 2对牙牛高于未换牙牛 2 79元 /头 ) ;第三位是架子牛开始育肥体重 (≤ 30 0 kg牛好于≥ 5 0 0 .1 kg牛 2 2 2元 /头 ) ;第四位是背部脂肪厚度(≤ 5 mm牛低于≥ 1 5 mm牛 2 0 1元 /头 ) ;第五位是架子牛育肥时间 (育肥时间≤ 1 80 d比≥ 2 4 1≤ 30 0 d多 1 35元 /头 ) ;第六位是脂肪颜色 (白色、微黄色脂肪牛较黄色脂肪牛多卖 1 2 4元 /头 ) ;第七位是牛品种 (每头鲁西牛比夏洛来杂交牛、利木赞杂交牛、西门塔尔杂交牛分别多卖 1 0 0元、73元、73元 ) ;第八位是性别 (阉公牛较公牛多卖 5 0元 /头 )。

Under current market and trade terms, there are many factors influencing economic profit of beef production in China, such as breed, age, sex, stocker body weight, feeding level during finishing period, abundance of marbling, length of finishing period, slaughtering and cutting technology, sale strategy and skills and other avoidable losses. Based on statistic data of Slaughtered 1 650 beef cattle from Kaiyin Company, all these factors were analyzed. Results showed that abidance degree of marbling was the first factor. The profit of Grade I cattle is higher than Grade VI by $ 555. The second factor was age of finishing beef. The profit of three-year-old cattle is higher than 1-year-old cattle $279 per cattle. The third factor was stocker body weight. The profit of stocker cattle lighter than 300 kg is higher than that of heavier than 500.1kg by $ 222 per cattle. The fourth was backfat depth. The profit of less-5-inch-backfat cattle is lower than 15-inch-backfat cattle $201 per cattle. The fifth is the length of finishing period. The profit of cattle with shorter finishing period is higher than that of longer period by $135 per cattle. The sixth is fatty tissue color. The profit of cattle with white-color is higher than that with yellow color $124 per head. The seventh is breed. The price of Luxi cattle per head is higher than that of Charolais crossbred cattle, Limmonsin crossbred cattle and Simmental crossbred cattle by $100, $73 and $73. The eighth is sex. The price of steer is higher than that of bull by $50 per head.