土家族转用汉语及土家语濒危的成因

The Tujia Ethnic Group's Language Shift to the Chinese Language and its Endangerment:The Contributing Factors

土家族转用汉语及土家语濒危的成因是多方面的。各种社会文化因素和语言因素构成了一个相互交织、相互关联、相互制约的复杂系统。但相对于语言因素的影响而言,社会文化因素的影响是主要的。其中社会变迁、政治、经济、文化、教育因素的影响起了决定性的作用。土家族与中原汉族地区长期的政治、军事、文化接触,经济活动方式的革新以及土汉杂居的环境,扩大了土家族对汉语的需求;汉学教育的实施和普及、开放的语言文化观念加速了土家族转用汉语的进程。归根结底,土家族语言价值取向的转变及其语言选择行为是对其社会经济文化变迁的积极回应。

The Tujia Ethnic Group's language shift to the Chinese language and its endangerment is the result of many-sided contributing factors,of which the social changes and economic factor are decisive.The innovation of the group's economic pattern and the context of the inhabitation together by the Tujia an d Han Groups have enlarged the Tujia Group's need of the Chines e language.The shift process is speeded up with the implementation and populariz ation of Confucian education model and the open mind of the Tujia (BF Group' sBFQ ) culture and language,the result of which is a complicated system base d upon the interaction,interrelation and inter-restriction of the various socia l cultural and linguistic factors.In all,the Tujia Group's lang uage choice is their active response to the social,economic and cultural changes .