社会判断的选择可得性模型

A Selective Accessibility Model In Social Judgment

Mussweiler提出一个社会判断的选择可得性模型,它是以社会判断中比较结果的信息观为基础的。Mussweiler把这些信息基础概括为一个选择可得性模型,这个模型区分了两种基本的比较过程。相似性检验的选择是因为可获得的知识表明目标———标准的相似性,而不相似性检验的选择是因为可获得的知识表明目标———标准不相同。不同的目标知识是接下来目标评价的基础,因此相似性检验显然导致了同化,而不相似性检验则明显导致了对比。这个模型是一个统一的概念结构,它整合了社会判断中比较结果的各种发现。

Mussweiler proposes a selective accessibility model,which takes an informational perspective on comparison consequences in social judgment.It is argued that to understand the variable consequences of comparison,one has to examine what target knowledge is activated during the comparison process.This model distinguishes 2 fundamental comparison processes.Similarity testing selectively makes accessible knowledge indicate target standard similarity,whereas dissimilarity testing selectively makes accessible knowledge indicate target standard dissimilarity.These respective subsets of target knowledge build the basis for subsequent target evaluation,so that similarity testing typically leads to assimilition whereas dissimilarity testing typically leads to contrast.The model is proposed as a unifying conceptual framework that integrates diverse findings on comparison consequence in social judgment.