果树施药仿形喷雾关键参数的模拟试验研究

Profile modeling of spray parameters of chemical solution application to fruit tree

为了对仿形喷雾参数和雾滴分布质量进行系统分析,设计并制造了一套室内仿形喷雾试验装置,由变频器控制喷雾电动机的转速以调节喷雾压力,由试验架与果树样本的相对位置调节喷雾距离,由定时器控制电路调节喷雾时间。仿形喷雾试验按照不同的喷雾参数组合采用正交试验的方法进行。雾滴的整体分布质量采用分布质量系数进行评价。试验结果表明,在室内环境条件下,喷雾距离是影响雾滴分布质量的首要因素,其次是喷雾压力,喷雾时间对分布质量的影响不显著。喷雾距离超过80cm时,果树内的沉积量显著减少,在喷雾距离≤50cm的范围内,增加喷雾压力有利于提高分布均匀性。

In order to make a systematical analysis of the parameters and droplet distribution quality of profile modeling spray, a profile modeling spray experimental equipment was designed and manufactured indoors. During the experiments, the spray pressure was adjusted by rotate speed of spray motor which was controlled by frequency converter, and the spray distance was adjusted by the relative position of test frame and profile modeling fruit tree, while the spray time is limited by a timer. The orthogonal experiments were conducted for the profile modeling spray with different spray parameters combination. The entire distribution of spray droplets was evaluated by Coefficient of Distribution Quality. The results showed that under the indoor environment, spray distance was the main factor to affect the distribution quality, and the spray pressure was second, but the effect of spray interval was not significant. Deposition of droplet in the fruit tree falls significantly when the spray distance exceeds 80 cm, and the increase of spray pressure can improve the distribution uniformity of spray droplets under the condition that the spray distance was less than 50 cm.