关帝山林区文峪河流域植被景观空间格局研究

Study on the Vegetation Landscape Spatial Pattern of Wenyuhe Watershed in Guandishan Forest

以全流域航片、森林经理调查资料和林相图为基础资料,在地理信息系统软件及数据库管理系统的支持下,应用景观多样性指数、景观要素优势度指数、类斑形状指数、景观要素斑块分维数等景观格局分析指标,对流域景观空间总体分布、景观组成结构、景观要素斑块形状特征进行了分析。通过分析,揭示了文峪河流域植被景观的总体格局,分析了流域景观格局的空间变化规律,特别是植被景观沿河流上中下游纵向梯度分布格局和河岸带横向距离梯度分布格局,初步总结了目前文峪河流域植被景观格局存在的问题。基于景观格局分析成果,针对流域森林景观保护和建设中应重点开展的工作,提出了流域景观建设和保护的总体设想,即上游及中高海拔带重点进行寒温性针叶林保护;中下游山地积极增加阔叶林,营造混交林;河谷重点开展河岸植被和河岸林规划设计和建设。

Based on the aerial photographs,forest management data and forest appearance maps,by using the software of GEOWAY,ARCVIEW and Visual FoxPro,the paper analyzed the watershed landscape spatial distribution, landscape constitute structure, landscape patch element shape feature in the Wenyuhe Watershed by applying landscape diversity index,landscape dominance index, patch shape index,landscape fractal dimension.Though analyzing, the results revealed the whole watershed vegetation landscape distribution pattern and space varied rhythmically, especially the lengthways streak and crosswise trend vegetation landscape pattern of the whole watershed. The paper summarized primarily the current problem of Wenyuhe watershed vegetation landscape pattern. According to the analyzed outcome of landscape pattern, aimed at the main proceeding work of protection and construction,the whole designs of watershed protection and construction are proposed.That is to say, we should protect in the zone of upriver and high elevation , emphatically the boreal coniferous forest, we should establish in the middle-downriver and downriver region, the broadleaved-forest and mixed forest, especially we should design and build the riparian vegetation in the both sides of the riverside,and riparian forest.