完美主义心理研究的历史和现状

The Past and Present of Studies on Perfectionism

完美主义 (perfectionism)心理是《心理障碍诊断与统计手册》(DSM -III)的重要的诊断标准之一 ,被认为参与多种心理障碍的形成与发展。但是长期以来 ,对于完美主义心理缺少精确的定义和量化研究。上世纪八十年代以来 ,在欧美的心理咨询和资质优异教育领域 ,这种心理愈来愈被看作是与个体的心理健康及创造力息息相关的人格特质 ,并且已普遍承认这种特质是多维度、多侧面的。本文追溯了完美主义心理研究的历史渊源 。

Perfectionism, an important diagnostic standard of DSM III, is viewed as being associated with a variety of psychological problems. However, there has long been a lack of an accurate definition of perfectionism and quantitative studies. From 1980s on, in the fields of clinic psychology and gifted and creative education of Western countries, perfectionism has increasingly been regarded as a personality trait that is closely related to mental health and creativity and has multiple dimensions and aspects. The present article traces back to the origin of the studies on perfectionism, introduces the development and the present situation of this field.