水体污染物“三致”效应的生物监测研究进展

A review on pollutant's carcinogenicity-mutagenicity-teratogenicity in water with biomonitoring

由于大量且多种多样化学物质进入到水环境中 ,使得水体不同程度地表现出致突变性、致癌性、致畸性。传统分析技术与综合指标不能客观、及时反映水的这种特性。而短期生物试验以其具有快速的、综合的响应水中这方面变化的特点 ,越来越受到重视与应用。本文主要论述与评价“三致”物作用机理以及几种常用短期生物试验 (Ames试验、微核试验、非程序DNA合成、SOS显色试验、姊妹单体交换测定、单细胞凝胶电泳技术 )。并分类评述了可用于此领域的生物材料的来源、特性 。

Since many kinds and large amounts of chemicals enter the water environment, carcinogenicity mutagenicity teratogenicity is manifested at different scale.Traditional analytical technology and comprehensive index(BOD,COD etc.)cannot reflect all the characteristics of the water.However,the short term bioassay can respond the change of water quickly and synthetically.The paper briefly reviews some categories of technology (Ames,UDS,SCE,MN,SOS,SCGE) which are used in monitoring the carcinogenicity mutagenicity teratogenicity of the water.And the sources and speciality of the biomaterials used in this field are discussed in three divisions.