小型城市湖泊生态系统预警技术——以武汉市汉阳地区为例

An early warning approach for aquatic ecosystems in small urban lakes a case study in Hanyang District,Wuhan City

城市湖泊正面临着水体污染和生态系统退化的双重压力 ,对湖泊生态系统的状态进行预警是判定湖泊演化趋势以及制定相应控制对策的重要途径和手段。本文以武汉市汉阳地区的 6个小型城市湖泊为例 ,结合国内外的研究进展 ,从水生生态系统、湖滨生态系统和入湖沟渠生态系统 3方面入手 ,结合生物监测、生物标志物技术 ,综合考虑水文、水质和生态系统以及污染物扩散等因素 ,设计出汉阳地区湖泊生态系统的预警技术体系。该技术体系主要分 5步 :湖泊生态系统现状调研、生物标志物和关键指示因子确定、水质 -生态系统模拟、系统输出和灵敏度检验以及生态系统状态预警及对策。

The urban lakes are under great pressure of water pollution and degradation of aquatic ecosystems.It is urgent to early warn the changes in the aquatic ecosystem.In this paper,the six lakes in Hanyang District,Wuhan City were taken as examples.The early warning approach developed in this paper was based on the study of ecosystems in and around the lakes,combined with technologies of biological monitoring,biomarker,and contamination diffusion Artificial Neural Networks models and System Dynamics model were applied before the ecosystem early warning system of the lakes in Hanyang District was formed.The early warning approach presented in this paper was mainly consisted of five parts:diagnosis on the aquatic and related ecosystems;the selection of key indicators;simulation of water quality and aquatic ecosystems;simulation results and countermeasures.