道德心理学的哲学思考——论心理学与伦理学的会通与融合

Philosophical Consideration of Moral Psychology——On the Joining and Fusion of Psychology and Ethics

道德心理学把规范伦理学与实证心理学在哲学层面上结合起来,为理解人的道德行为提供了一种新的视角。伦理学与心理学的这种融合具体体现为:个人同一性与道德行为必须在心理上保持一致,才能形成真正的道德同一性,因此,美德有其独特的气质和情绪心理学机制。道德是在社会生活中形成的,处理好道德的社会关系是培养良好美德的基础。道德既有理性的层面,也有非理性的层面,培养和确立人的内在理性是成为道德人的心理学基础。基于心理学对道德生活的重要性,一种以心理学为基础的美德伦理学正在出现。

By virtue of the conjunction of the normative ethics and the empirical psychology at the level of philosophy, a moral psychology has opened a new vision for understanding human moral behavior. This kind of fusion is embodied as: personal identity should be identified with his moral behavior in his mind, so that a real moral identity could be formed. And therefore an individual's virtue has its specific psychological mechanism of temperament and emotion. One's morality is formed in his social life, and thus having an appropriate social relationship is the foundation for the cultivation of a good virtue. One's morality has both its rational and irrational aspects, to cultivate and establish one's internal rationality is the basis of becoming a moral person. It is based on the importance of psychology, a virtue ethics that based on psychology is emerging at present.