面向对象的景区总体规划研究

ON THE OBJECT-ORIENTED MASTER PLANNING OF SCENIC ZONES

计算机软件工程领域中面向对象的思想和方法 ,可以引入旅游区规划的研究和实践中。本文以景区为对象 ,在总体规划层次对其进行探讨。基于面向对象理念 ,文章识别出了景区的基本对象 (类 )有 :景区、景段、景点 ,葩嵌景点、光环景点、廓道、背景、旅游服务设施 ,引景空间、第一印象区、最后印象区 ,核心区、缓冲区、活动区 ,解说系统 ;同时定义了这些对象 (类 )的属性和功能 ,认为用它们可以对景区系统进行较为全面、准确的描述。在此基础上 ,文章确定了景区对象之间的结构和连接关系 ,对景区对象体系形成进一步的认识 ,进而提出了面向对象景区总体规划的 5个原则 :文脉一致原则、继承性原则、封装性原则、粒度控制原则和可持续发展原则 ,并构建了面向对象景区总体规划的一般框架模式。

The purpose of this study is to introduce the object-oriented(OO)methods, which is a leading technology in software engineering field, into the formulation of a scenic zone master planning. Based on the OO methods, the key objects, which are distinguished in a scenic zone, include scenic zones, scenic sections, scenic spots; patch spots, aureole spots, corridors, bases, tourist accommodation establishments; pre-experience areas, the first impression areas, the last impression areas; core zones, transitional zones, recreational zones; interpretation systems. At the same time, this paper defines the attributes and functions of the objects. In this way, a scenic zone can be well described. This paper finds the structural relationship and connection relationship between the objects of a scenic zone. The connection relationship is presented in the linkage between scenic sections and the transition in a scenic section. The structural relationship includes the generalization-specialization structure and the whole-part structure. With the scenic section as the general class, the pre-experience area, the first impression area and the last impression area belong to the special class; with the tourist accommodation establishment as the general class, the tourist center, the resting spot, the shopping spot, the dining spot, the lodging spot and the traffic center belong to the special class. Furthermore, this paper presents five principles in the OO master planning of scenic zones, which adhere to the principles of consistency in cultural context, inheritance, encapsulation, granularity and sustainable development. At last, this paper develops a framework of a scenic zone master planning based on the OO methods. Based on the evaluation of the tourism resources, the analysis of the tourism location and the tourist source market, the subject and the cultural context of a scenic zone are put forward. According to the subject and the cultural context, the tourism products and the destination image are designed. At the same time, the spatial plan of the scenic zone is put forward, which is the main part that applies the OO methods. However, tourism areas are not only scenic zones and the tourism area plan is not only the master plan as well. More studies should be done to answer the question whether the OO methods fit for tourism plans of different scales and levels.