论庄子文辞之“大”、“奇”

“Grandness” and “Grotesqueness” of Zhuangzi's Diction

本文分析了庄子喜用大辞、奇辞的原因。认为 ,庄子喜用大辞乃在于庄子自身精神境界的高远 ,他在表达这一精神境界时不由自主地选择了“大而无当”之辞。庄子喜用大辞的另一缘由因为“大”是宇宙之理 ,他用“大”辞是为了说明道之理或呈现道之境。庄子喜用奇辞则主要透露出他对俗世的反叛 ,他用奇辞标其高识 ,划清与他们的界限 ;同时他对俗世之人也抱着同情和悲伤的态度 ,用奇辞来警醒他们。

This paper analyses the reason why Zhuangzi has a predilection for grand and grotesque diction: Using grand words because of the nobility and sublimity of Zhuangzi's own spiritual realm, so that he unconsciously chooses those “grand yet impractical” words when he tries to express such a realm. Another reason is that “grand” diction is deployed to expound the principle of the Way or to represent the realm of the Way. Zhuangzi's preference for grotesque diction discloses his betrayal of the mundane world. He chooses grotesque words to show his lofty vision and to mark a clear line between others and himself. However, he also carries a sympathetic and grieving attitude towards people of the world, and grotesque words are then employed to warn and awaken them.