蚜虫寄主专化型及其成因

Host biotypes and their formation causes in aphids

综述了蚜虫寄主专化型产生的可能原因。蚜虫寄主专化型的形成在生态学水平上主要与蚜虫对寄主的选择识别能力、天敌作用、其他共生 (共存 )生物作用、抗药性等有关 ;并且具有一定的遗传基础 ,主要表现在蚜虫体内酶系的变化、染色体变异、有性繁殖中同型交配行为及种群的遗传分化上。但是对某种寄主专化型蚜虫而言 。

The possible causes of the formation of aphid host biotypes were reviewed. In ecological levels, the formation is mainly related with the selection capacity to host plants, the natural enemies, the symbionts (coexists) and resistance to insecticides, and so on. The host biotypes have their genetic bases, including the mutation or change in enzymes and chromosomes, sexual reproduction, assortive mating and genetic differentiation of population. But the detailed causes for a certain host biotype in aphids were poorly understood at present.