矢量传感器阵列高分辨率方位估计技术研究

High resolution DOA estimation in beam space based on acoustic vector-sensor array

矢量传感器能同时共点拾取声场中的声压和三路相互正交的振速信息,获得额外的信息量,它的出现引起了国内外的关注.为了改善波束域高分辨率方法的性能,获得矢量传感器阵列对多目标的足够精度的分辨能力,在研究矢量传感器阵列目标估计基础上,首次在矢量传感器阵列处理领域将矢量阵波束形成与波束域目标估计算法结合起来,实现了高精度目标方位估计,与常规阵元域和波束域方法相比,提高了多目标估计性能,降低了输入信噪比门限,增大了阵列输出增益,减小了计算量.仿真验证了该算法的优越性.

The high resolution DOA estimation algorithms which are susceptive to array errors are limited in engineering application because they demand higher input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and calculation cost. Although beam space methods can make up the insufficiency of the array-space methods to some degree, they still suffer from the higher SNR threshold. Importantly, the acoustic vector sensor can measure both the acoustic pressure and particle velocity. In order to improve performance of the DOA estimation methods based on beam space and obtain sufficient resolving power of the AVS array based on the advantages of acoustic vector-sensor array (AVSA) on DOA estimation, this research applied AVSA MUSIC algorithm into beam space. Simulation results show that AVSA MUSIC arithmetic in beam space achieves better estimation performance than that in element space. Compared with DOA estimation method using normal scalar sensor array, such as acoustic pressure hydrophones array, the AVSA B-MUSIC can also improve array-gain, while reducing computational burden.