美国高等教育繁荣探究及对我国的启示

The Historical Development of American Higher Education Can Inspire China

美国高等教育在不太长的时间内得到极大的繁荣和发展的主要原因有四:一是美国大学开辟了"所有"有价值的学习领域,特别是与毕业生就业有关联的、与现有技术的行业和知识性的专门职业有关的学科;二是不断涌现出来的教育家和改革家所进行的周期性的课程实验,有力地推进了大学教育的人才培育模式的创新,使大学的人才培养与社会需求紧密相关;三是欧洲的科学家和学者提升了美国大学所有的学科和学术成就领域;四是全国对俄技术的恐惧,激起了国内知识分子的期待,带来了学术的繁荣。这些对我高等教育的改革和发展都是有启迪意义的。

There are four major reasons for the rapid development of American higher education in a short period of time. First, the American universities opened up all fields of study, especially those related to vocational or professional work. Second, educators and reformers continuously kept experimenting with curriculum which promoted the innovations of the teaching mode. Third, European scientists and scholars helped promote all the branches of learning and academic research. Forth, the fear for Soviet technology stimulated the enthusiasm of the American intellectuals, bringing about academic prosperity. All these can provide insight for the reform and development of higher education in China.