Epstein-Barr病毒与鼻咽癌关系的分子病理学研究

Study of the relation between Epstein-Barr virus and nasopharyngeal carcinoma by molecular pathological method

作者应用原位核酸杂交技术,检测了陕西籍不同组织学类型的鼻咽癌(NPC)_(60)例和鼻咽粘膜慢性炎症患者30例活检组织中的EB病毒DNA(EBV-DNA),并用鼻咽外肿瘤(肝癌、胃癌)40例进行对照观察。同时,对上述NPC中的12例低分化鳞癌进行血清抗体检测。核酸杂交结果:NPC60例中,高分化鳞癌、低分化鳞癌及未分化癌的EBV-DNA杂交阳性率分别为30％,73％,90％。经x^2检验,高分化鳞癌与后两者之间差异显著(P<0.001);鼻咽粘膜慢性炎症30例中3例呈EBV-DNA阳性;鼻咽外肿瘤未见EBV-DNA阳件。EBV抗体检测:低分化鳞癌12例中EBV壳抗原免疫球蛋白A抗体(EBV-VCA-IgA)阳性者11例(91％),其中9例(75％)EBV-DNA杂交阳性,两种检测结果一致。本实验结果表明:陕西地区NPC的发生中EBV感染因素可能具有病因学意义。

Using in situ hybridization method, we investigated the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in the biopsy tissues of 60 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from Shaanxi Province and 30 cases of chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal mucosa. Fourty cases of other malignant tumors (hepatocellular and gastric carcinoma) were also observed as controls. We also performed the combined study of imrnunofluorescent cytochemistry and in situ hybridization to measure serum levels of antibody in 12 cases of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDC) randomly sampled from the above 60 cases. The results of in situ hybridization show that the positive rates of well differentiated carcinoma (WDC), PDC and undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) were 30%, 73%, and 90%, respectively. The positive rate in WDC was significantly lower than that in PDC and UDC (P<0.01). Three cases of 30 nasopharyngeal mucosa chronic inflammation epithelial samples were detectable in EBV-DNA; however, other kinds of tumors were negative. Eleven (91% ) of 12 cases of PUD showed strong positivity in serum VCA-IgA, and 9 (75%) cases among them were positive in hybridization. The results of this study suggest that EBV infection is probably an important factor in the etiology of NPC in Shaanxi Province.