京沪穗电网暂态电压稳定问题与STATCOM应用

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF TRANSIENT VOLTAGE STABILITY IN LOAD CENTERS OF CHINA

在京、沪、穗三大负荷中心电网暂态电压稳定问题日益突出的情况下,通过分析近年的失稳事故,总结出发生电压崩溃的3种可能,并使用电力系统综合稳定程序(PSASP)和NETOMAC程序以时域仿真方法分别对华北、华东和南方电网进行了暂态电压稳定评估,仿真中考虑了电动机模型和参数的影响。结果表明,京、沪、穗电网在线路故障或负荷突增条件下均有可能发生电压崩溃或扰动后电压恢复过慢的现象,需要进行动态无功补偿,安装静止补偿器(STATCOM)可以在不切负荷的情况下使系统电压符合稳定运行的要求。另外,基于目前电压稳定研究有待规范的状况,提出了负荷校验、扰动设置等亟待解决的问题和进一步的思考。

In China, the security of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou power systems are increasingly threatened by transient voltage instability. Based on actual incidents, three voltage collapse scenarios are concluded. Time-domain simulation methods are employed to assess the stability of North China, East China and South China networks using PSASP and NETOMAC, and the effect of induction motors are also considered. The results show that the voltage may collapse or recovery too slowly in the conditions of lines trip or sudden increase of loads. Dynamic reactive power compensation is needed, and STATCOM is efficient to stabilize the voltages without load shedding. Current problems and future work about model validation and disturbances setting is also discussed.