不同生长年限的人参中8种主要皂苷成分的分析研究

Study on the Relation between Duration of Cultivation of Plant and Contents of the Eight Kinds of Ginsenoside in the Panax ginseng by RP-HPLC

目的:应用反相高效液相色谱法比较不同生长年限的人参中主要皂苷类成分的差异,探讨评价园参、移山参和山参药用质量的理化指标。方法:收集并鉴定了不同生长年限(2-25年)和不同药用部位(主根、须根和芦头)的园参、移山参和山参样品共42份,应用等度和梯度淋洗2种RP-HPLC法对所有样品中的人参皂苷Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rf,Rc,Rh1,Rd2,Rd 8种成分进行鉴别或含量测定。色谱条件1:Supelco ODS-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(99:400,pH 2.6);流速1.0 mL·min-1;柱温:35℃;检测波长:203nm。色谱条件2:HIQ Sil-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:A为乙腈,B为0.2%磷酸溶液(pH 1.9):梯度淋洗程序:,115-120 min A-B保持不变;流速1.0 mL·min-1;柱温:35℃;检测波长:203。结果:得到人参不同生长年限或不同药用部位的样品中主要皂苷(包括Rg。,Re,Rb。,Rf,Rh1,Rc,:Rb2,Rd)的液相色谱图,同时测定了Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rf,Rc,Rh1的含量。结论:园参、移山参和山参主根中均含有8种皂苷类成分。随生长年限增长,园参主根中Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rf,Rc,Rh1含量变化不甚明显;移山参和山参主根中Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rf,Rc,Rh1含量变动较为明显。人参不同药用部位8种人参皂苷的含量有差别,尤其是Re、Rb1的含量在须根和芦头中较高。单支人参中,8种皂苷类成分的含量高低及比例关系与其参须、芦头和主根在整支参中所占比例有关。

Objective:To find the relationship between growing duration of plant and contents of the eight major ginsenoside - Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rf , Re , Rh1, Rb2 and Rd in the Panax ginseng by HPLC, and probe to evaluate the quality of Panax ginseng by the contents and ratios of major ginsenosides. Method: 42 samples of radix ginseng of different ages or specifications were collected , and ginsenoside - Rg1 ,Re,Rb1, Rf .Rc,Rh1 ,Rb2 and Rd have been used as standards to test the samples qualitatively or quantitatively by RP - HPLC method. Test method Ⅰ :The column used was Supelco ODS-C18 column(250 mm×4. 6 mm, 5 μm) ,CH3CN -0. 5% H3PO4(99= 400, pH 2. 6)as mobile phase, at 1.0 mL·?min-1 flow rate, the column temperature was controlled at 35 ℃ ,the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. Test method Ⅱ:The column used was HIQ Sil - C18 column (250 mm ×4. 6 mm, 5μm) . The mobile phase used were : A was CH3 CN; B was 0. 2% H3 PO4 ( pH 1.9). Time program : A - B (18:82) 0 -65 min 65 -95 min 95-115 min→A-B(46:54)→A-B(87:13)→A-B(18:82)to115-120min,A-B constantly, at 1. 0 mL·min-1 flow rate. The column temperature was controlled at 35℃,the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. Results: HPLC chromatograms of 42 samples contained almost all ginsenoside compounds information , were analyzed. As well as 6 ginsenosides were determined. Conclusion: There are similar ginsenosides in the samples of Yuanshen,Yishanshen and Shanshen. There isn' t notable difference on the contents of ginsenoside - Rg1 ,Re,Rb1, Rf,Rc and Rh1 within the main roots of different cultivated periods in Yuanshen in comparison with that in Yishan shen and Shanshen. There is considerably diversity in the different parts of drug. Especially in the fibrous root and Lutou. Moreover,the distribution and proportion of the major ginsenosides in various parts of whole radix ginseng differ significantly. These valuable results can be effectively used in evaluation of radix ginseng and ginseng products.