钠/硫和钠/金属氯化物电池及进展(上)

Developing Trends of Sodium /Sulfur and Sodium/Metal Chloride Batteries ( Ⅰ )

以钠β(β″)氧化铝管作固体电解质隔膜的钠硫电池正在发展作为电汽车和配电调节贮能的应用。结构形体与钠硫电池相似,用过渡金属二氯化物阴极替代硫电极的钠/金属氯化物电池也在快速发展中。由于钠/金属氯化物电池工作温度较低(200℃—300℃),以及高的开路电压、高比能量和安全性,对于电汽车和未来空间电源应用,是有吸引力的竞争者。本文概述了各类Na/S、Na/NiCl_2和Na/FeCl_2电池工作原理、性能以及各种应用研究开发的新进展。

Using a sodium beta alumina tube as a membrane of solid electrolyte,sodium/sulfur batteries were in the development for the application in electric vehicle propulsion and electrical load leveling. Geometrically similar to sodium/sulfur battery, sodium/metal chloride batteries with sulfur electrode replaced by metal chloride one were actively developed. They were an attractive contender for electric vehicle and space power applications due to their lower operating temperatures 200℃-300℃ , high open circuit voltage,high energy density and safety. In present paper,the working principle,configuration and performance for various types of Na/S,Na/NiCl2 and Na/FeCl/2 cells were described and the recent advances in the research and development of these batteries for various applications were reviewed.