上海市主要慢性病患病调查

Investigation on Prevalence of Main Chronic Diseases in Shanghai.

目的了解上海市慢性病的患病率、分布特征和相关因素。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,共抽取6个街道穴镇雪18个里委(村)15岁及以上的居民7563人。采用入户问卷调查及自报方式确认慢性病。结果慢性病总的标化患病率为30.52%。其中高血压为11.88%,心脏病为7.29%,慢性肺部疾病为5.39%,糖尿病为1.78%,恶性肿瘤为0.57%,脑卒中为0.31%,其他类型的慢性病为17.74%。慢性病自报患病率存在城乡差异;医疗保障程度越高的人群,慢性病自报患病率越高。年龄、肥胖是慢性病可能的危险因素。结论应针对人群在地区、性别、年龄等的不同特征,采取不同的慢性病干预措施。城市慢性病预防的重点是心脑血管疾病,农村慢性病防治则应将重点放在高血压防治。

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate, epidemiological characteristics and related factors for chronic diseases and their major types in Shanghai. Methods 7653 residents aged over 15 year-old were selected from six communities by multiple stage cluster sampling. A household survey with questionnaire was carried out. Chronic diseases were self-reported. Results The standardized prevalence rate of all chronic diseases was 30.52%, thereinto hypertension was 11.88%, and heart diseases was 7.29%, chronic lung diseases was 5.39%, diabetes mellitus was 1.78%, cancer was 0.57%, stroke was 0.31%, and other chronic diseases was 17.74%. The self-reported rate of chronic diseases was significantly different between the urban people and rural people. Among the subjects, the better medical insurance degree was, the higher the self-reported rate of chronic diseases was. Age and obesity may be the risk factors for chronic diseases. Conclusions Different intervention measures should be taken according to the different characters in the population. Cardio-cerebral-vascular diseases control was the focus of chronic diseases prevention work in urban, while hypertension control was the point in rural.