基于言语数据库的汉语音高下倾现象研究

The study of declination in speech database in standard Chinese

提出了一种通过语句中声调音域低音点和次低音点求出语调短语低音线的方法,并以低音线为基准,考察从大规模言语语料库中随机抽取的汉语自然语句的语调特征。研究结果表明,与已有的汉语句末语调理论不同,汉语同样具有各种语言中普遍存在的音高下倾和重置的语调特征。低音线的下倾和重置可以出现在音步、语调短语和语句等不同的韵律单元中,表现最明显的是在语调短语这一级。实验结果支持汉语语调双线模型中高音线和低音线语言学功能不同的观点。

A method is proposed to get the bottom line of intonation phrase by the bottom points and sub-bottom points of tone range in Standard Chinese. And on the basis of the bottom line, the intonation features of the natural sentences drawn randomly from the large-scale speech database were explored. The primary research results demonstrate that different from the view that the intonation in Chinese only appears at the ending of sentence, there exist in Standard Chinese the intonation features of the pitch declination and resetting universally found in other languages. The declination and resetting can be observed in different prosodic units such as foot, intonation phrase and prosodic utterance, and most obviously in intonation phrase. The research result supports the view that the top lines and the bottom lines have different linguistic functions in the two-line model of Standard Chinese intonation.