山西省黄河流域地下水资源分布特征、开采潜力与用水对策分析

Research on groundwater resources’ distributing properties, developing potential and its utilizing countermeasures in Yellow River,Shanxi Province

山西省黄河流域内的地下水资源问题已经成为制约区内国民经济发展的重要"瓶颈"因素,为了实现以水资源的可持续开发与利用支持国民经济可持续发展的战略目标,以地下水系统理论为指导,对研究区进行地下水系统分区;采用排泄法、均衡法等方法计算出各分系统内的地下水天然资源量、可采资源量,对地下水资源的分布特征进行了分析;以1998年为现状评价年,评价了各系统内地下水资源的开采潜力;根据经济发展态势,预测2010年、2030年的需水量,进行供需平衡分析;最后分析了用水对策。研究表明,今后研究区内应该根据实际情况采取不同的水资源开发模式,积极开展开源节流措施,并大力推进水资源管理体制、投资体制和水价政策的改革。

Groundwater resources problem has been one of the important “bottleneck” factors to obstacle the economical development in Yellow River,Shanxi Province. In order to fulfill the goal of the sustainable development based on water resources sustainable development, this paper divided the study area into six sub-systems according to the theory of groundwater system firstly; Then the quantity of groundwater natural resources and exploitable resources in each sub-system was calculated by the methods of discharge method and water balance method, etc. The distribution properties of groundwater resources were analyzed. This paper took 1998 as the actual assessing year, and assessed the developing potential of groundwater resources in each sub-system; According to the developing tendency of economy in research region, this paper predicted the water demand in 2010 and 2030 and carried out the balance analysis of water resources; Finally, the countermeasures for water resources’ sustainable development were put forward. It is shown that different development patterns should be adopted according to the local conditions, such as, measures for finding new water resources and water saving should be carried out positively, and innovations of water resources managing mechanism, investment system and water price policy should be promoted.