“富士”苹果树3种树形光照分布与产量品质关系的研究

Relationship between Distribution of Relative Light Radiation and Yield and Quality in Different Tree Shapes for "Fuji" Apple

对富士苹果的高干开心形、小冠疏层形和纺锤形3种树形的树体结构、树冠内相对光照强度分布的差异和不同部位光照分布与果实品质的关系进行了研究。结果表明,高干开心形树冠大于30%的相对光照强度比例大,各层次分布均匀一致;3种树形小于30%的相对光照占树冠的比例分别为23 33%、25 00%和32 86%。产量分别为30 0t·hm-2、22 5t·hm-2和25 4t·hm-2;高干开心形产量比小冠疏层形提高了18%,优质果率显著提高,产量稳定。

The structure of canopy, the difference of relative light radiation intensity distribution within canopy and the relationship between light distribution and the fruit quality were studied in this paper at three different canopies of 'Fuji' apple orchards,which were high stem and open center shape, the small and sparse canopy shape and the spindle shape. The results indicated that the proportion of relative light radiation intensity exceeding 30% was high, the distribution of light radiation was uniform in layers within the high stem and open center shape. The proportion of relative light radiation intensity under 30% was 23.33%, 25.00% and 32.86% respectively; the output was 30.0 t·hm^(-2), 22.5 t·hm^(-2) and 25.4 t·hm^(-2) respectively in three different shapes. The output of the high stem and open center shape was not only 18% higher than that of the small and sparse canopy shape, but also keep output high and stable.