近50年来渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲耕地变化及其成因

Analysis on the driving factors of farmland dynamic changes in recent 5 decades in delta oases of Weigan and Kuqa rivers

利用 195 0～ 2 0 0 0年的统计和普查数据 ,对渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲近 5 0年来耕地数量变化及区域差异进行分析 ,并探讨了影响耕地动态变化的驱动因子。近 5 0年渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲耕地面积经历了 3个增长期和 2个减少期的变化。经综合分析发现影响渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲耕地变化的主要驱动因素是 5次大的政策变动 ,耕地需求增加与非农业部门占用 ,导致土壤肥力下降 ,沙化、盐渍化等问题出现。

Land is one of the most important natural resources for human existence Although the development of modern technology has greatly promoted the economic level and improved people's standard of living, the dependence of human beings on land has not been decreased at all As a result of the rapid growth of population and the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the land problems have become more and more acute Keeping certain amount of farmland is the fundamental condition for human living and the key issue of affecting regional sustainable development Yet, owing to the ever increasing demand of the socioeconomic development, oasis population and town construction for farmland, the contradictions between population and food supplies, and between population and farmland are becoming more and more severe. Therefore, to intensify dynamic research on changes of farmland, find out its distribution rules and driving factors for the changes are of great significance to the proper utilization and conservation of the farmland resources According to the detailed statistical data and general survey data from 1950 to 2000, this paper analyzed farmland changes in recent 5 decades and regional differences such as the relative changes of cultivated land in each county, irrigated land and paddy field , the per capita cultivated land ,the multiple crop index in the delta oases of Weigan and Kuqa rivers, discussed the driving factors accountable for the farmland dynamic changes in the delta oases of Weigan and Kuqa rivers Results showed that the cultivated land of delta oases of Weigan and Kuqa rivers has undergone three growth times and two falling times The author pointed out the driving factors causing cultivated land dynamic changes are related to such problems as the five times of drastic changes in politics, the ever increasing demand for farmland, the degrading soil fertility, desertification, saline land and identified some feasible countermeasures