江苏海安青墩地区新石器时代环境考古

Environmental archaeological study on the Qingdun site, Hai'an, Jiangsu province, during the Neolithic cultural period

通过对海安青墩遗址剖面进行磁化率、粒度、孢粉、14 C测年等指标分析 ,结果表明 ,剖面第 8层至第 7层是一个海退过程 ,同时微体古生物分析表明这两层均无有孔虫 ,可知当时此区域离海较远。第 8层到第 7层气候向暖湿方向转化 ,良好的气候环境条件为后来该区域人类活动的发展创造了条件。测年资料表明第 6层为距今 3790± 10 5 14 CaB .P .,是大暖期后面的一个气候波动和缓的亚稳定暖湿期 ,当时中国绝大部分地区气候要比现今暖湿。剖面的第 3、 4、 5层 ,即 4 0 0 0 14 CaB .P .以来的一个时期 ,该区出现了一洪水泛滥期 ,正是这一洪水期导致该区域人类文明的衰落。

Study of the archaeological sediment plays an important role in the human earth relationship study Huang Xixuan et al (1984) madea study on the environmental changes since the Neolithic cultural periods in the Hai'an region by pollen analysis However, single proxy indicator analysis makes the research result, to some degree, uncertain As such, the authors employ the sedimentary dynamics, environmental magnetism, microorganism and chronology, etc., interdisciplinary methodology and multiproxy indicators to study the coupled relationship between human activities and environmental changes during the Neolithic cultural period in the study region Magnetic susceptibility, grain size, pollen and 14 C dating analysis results indicate that there occurred a degression process from layer 8 to layer 7 microorganism analysis suggests that the study region is relatively far away from the ocean Pollen analysis result indicates the existence of halophyte Chenopodiaceae, suggesting the soil contains high content of salt, which indicate frequent transgression occurrence to this study region The climate grows warmer and more humid from layer 8 to layer 7, suitable climatic environment provides good living conditions for human settlement in this study region 14 C dating analysis shows that the layer 6 is 3790±105 14 C aB.P., being in a sub stable climate warm and wet climatic periods with little fluctuations in climatic changes Suitable climatic environment offer good conditions for great progress in human civilization There occurred a great flood period in the layers 3, 4, 5 of the site, about 4000 14 C aB.P. from analysis of grain size and micro fabric of the layers, which leads to the collapse of the human civilization in this region