西藏自治区农牧民收入结构分析

A study on income structures and sources of farmers (herdsmen) in the Tibet Autonomous Region

依据入户调查资料 ,文章重点分析了现阶段西藏农牧民的收入结构 ,包括收入来源、收入性质、现金收入等内容 ,探索了不同地区 (农区、牧区、半农半牧区、一江两河农业开发区、城郊区等 )及不同收入段农牧民收入结构和收入来源的差异。通过分析发现西藏农牧民收入有以下特征 :①收入以实物为主 ,现金收入和可支配收入少 ;②城郊区农牧民收入多样化指数高 ,农牧民收入高 ,收入多样化指数与农牧民收入正相关 ;③低收入农户收入来源单一 ,抗风险能力弱 ,收入增加困难 ;④从生活质量看农区优于牧区 ,半农半牧区农牧民生活质量最差 ;⑤影响农牧民人均收入的主要因子为人均生产性投入、区域通达度等。

As a large agriculture country, the problems of agriculture, country side, and farmers(ACF) affect the whole situation of reform and opening up and modernization construction Increasing farmers income is the core of ACF problems, while income structures and income sources of farmers (herdsmen) are the guarantee for agricultural and rural development and increase of farmers income Hence, the in depth analysis of the sampling data on income situation, sources and structure of the Tibet Autonomous Region is of great sighificance to the ACF work. The sampling survey involved 7 regional grade cities, 25 counties, 72 townships, 201 administrative villages, 763 households and 4660 people, of which 24 counties, 700 households and 4508 people are effective samples for analysis Looking from income level, the sampling involves both the absolute poor households with per capita net income less than 650 yuan, poor households with per capita net income about 650 1300 yuan, the moderate households with per capita net income about 1300 2000 yuan, and the rich households with per capita net income above 2000 yuan The number of persons surveyed in each income grade shows a spindle distribution of high representativeness Based on the sampling data this paper analyzes income structure of farmers (herdsmen) of the Tibet Autonomous Region, including sources, characteristics and wages in kind and in cash Situation of income structures and income source of the farmers in different areas (agricultural area, pastoral area and farming pastoral area, etc ) was approached The following characteristics were found through the analysis of surveyed data: ①In Tibet farmers income is mainly paid in kind with limited disposable personal income and ready money ② The variety index of income is higher in the outskirts than in the rural, the index has a direct bearing on net income ③The income sources are simplistic and outdate in the poor households, they have no ability to resist and guard against any risk, it is very difficult to increase their receipts ④ The living standard in the agricultural area is better than in the pastoral area, it is the worst in farming pastoral area. ⑤ The main elements affecting regional economic development involved the number of animals for sale, proportion of aquaculture, per capita productive investment, regional accessibility and the advantages of regional natural conditions