市场化与规制:世界遗产资源管理模式可能的路径选择

Market Process and Regulating: A Possible Approach to Reform the Existing World Heritage Management System

学界对遗产资源管理模式的改革方向存在争议。"国家公园论"和"经营权转移论"的分歧在于政府是否直接提供遗产旅游服务。本文借助规制经济学分析工具说明改革中国遗产管理模式首先要打破行政性垄断,并利用拥挤性俱乐部产品模型论证了遗产资源市场化经营的可能性。政府规制突出表现在遗产保护,行使景区规划权和经营开发的审批权,制订价格下限抑制经营者不顾旅游环境承载力追逐经营收入的冲动。

The future world heritage management system may face two alternatives, which debate on the governmental direct involvement in heritage tourism. This study reveals the necessity that the private sector should have a part to play in reinvigorating heritage tourism. Author proves, using the club goods model, the possibility that the private sector may benefit the heritage tourism economy. Price bottom line defined by the government, in author's view, can be a card to regulate operators' commercial irrationality in running the heritage tourism.