美日政府危机管理体制比较及启示

US and Japan: A Comparison of Crisis Management Systems

危机管理不仅是一种社会管理,更是一种政府管理。美国与日本作为发达国家,逐渐积累了有效的政府危机管理经验,包括危机管理战略地位的确定和危机管理的体制化。在危机理念、成本意识、主体观念与过程观念创新的基础上,中国政府有必要将危机管理作为国民经济与社会发展战略的重要组成部分,分阶段地构筑起新型的政府危机管理体制。

Crisis management is, literally, more of a governmental behavior than a social function. As a developed country, both US and Japan have cumulated rich proven experiences in crisis management, especially in defining the strategic roles and establishing a due system for crisis management. The Chinese government has to make crisis management an important component of its economic and social development strategies. Innovative crisis concepts, cost consciousness, and crisis management mechanism and handling approaches can help the Chinese government build up a new governmental crisis management system.