征服后的遗存:现代拉美社会结构再思考

Reflections on the Modern Social Structure of Latin America: Remnants of Post Conquest

征服与殖民是两种不同的概念 ,拉美现代社会结构是征服战争的产物。征服者西班牙和葡萄牙人与被征服者印地安人构成基本的社会结构 ;征服者对被征服者具有政治、经济和文化上的绝对优势和权力。拉美征服型社会结构有三种不同类型 ,即墨西哥、阿根廷和巴西 ;这种结构历经 1 9世纪拉美独立战争和 2 0世纪的工业化、现代化转型时期直至今日 ,其根本特点和结构未变 ,不同点在于混血人种作为中间阶层已占根本优势 ;

Modern Latin American social structure resulted from the conquest war. Conquest and colony are different conceptions. This social structure was composed of two main classes: the Spanish and Portugal conquerors versus the conquered Amerindians, and the former was superior to the latter in political, economic and cultural power. This social structure falls into three kinds of category: Mexico, Argentina and Brazil. This social structure has survived through the 20 th century and the transition period of today, and remains the same except for a small change that the mixed blood people now have got an upper hand. So far, this social structure continues to hinder the economic development and political modernization in Latin America.