洞庭湖湿地水域生态农业发展模式研究

Study on the water area agriculture exploit model in Dongting Lake Wetland

洞庭湖区湿地水域有3种类型:湖盆中心敞水带、滨湖季节性淹没带和湖区外环渍水低地带,呈碟形盆地圈带状立体景观结构的特征,即同心环带状:湖盆中心带、湖滨中环带、外环带。该湿地动植物资源、水资源十分丰富,有辽阔的湖洲滩地。分析洞庭湖湿地水域经济发展存在的问题:湿地面积减少,蓄水能力及调蓄洪水能力减弱,洪涝灾害频繁;生态功能退化,生物多样性受损;水质污染严重,水产品质量下降。鉴于洞庭湖湿地复杂的生态系统和丰富多样的水域资源及现存问题,提出分别适应洞庭湖区3种类型湿地水域的生态农业开发模式,以期达到保护湖区湿地水域生态环境、湿地资源持续利用、生态效益与经济效益并重的目的。

Based on the water area character in Dongting Lake wetland, the water origin resources condition is analyzed. The water area agriculture development model of the lake and estuarine branch, the wetland plain and the low hilly zone based the character of the concentric circle shape in Dongting Lake is studied to reach the goal of protecting wetland water area ecological environment.