刑事证人拒绝出庭作证问题探究——兼谈证人保护问题

On the refusal of criminal witness appearance and bearing in a lawcourt--Considering the problems of witness protection

从证人证言的内容上看,证人证言包括证人在法庭上对审判人员就案件的有关情况所作的口头陈述,证人提供证言原则上要出庭。尽管我国刑事诉讼法有明确的规定,证人应当出庭作证,但是,在司法实践中,刑事证人出庭率极低,证人拒证的现象普遍存在。这严重影响了我国的审判方式改革。证人拒绝出庭作证有心理学、经济学、社会学及现行法规不完善等诸多原因。我国证人保护制度的缺陷有四其一,程序法的规定过于原则,没有规定具体的保障措施;其二,保护制度的保护对象范围狭窄;其三,规定侧重于事后救济,预防功能差;其四,取保候审和监视居住有关规定本身的适用具有局限性。针对这种现状,要完善证人的人身保护制度其一,证人的保护对象应足够宽泛;其二,要健全证人保障制度;其三,要处理好证人保护和律师取证权的冲突问题。

From the contents of a witness's testimony, witness's include oral statements what a witness makes to answer the auditer's questions related to the case. And in principle, witness's testimony should be beard witnesses in a lawcourt. Though criminal procedural law has stipulated it definitely, the rate that a criminal witness appear in a court in the process of judicial practice is very low. It is a universal phenomenon for a witness to refuse to bear witnesses. This phenomenon seriously influences the reformation of our country's judicial patterns.