有组织犯罪的特征与分类

On the Characteristics and Classification of Organized Crime

有组织犯罪属于一种特殊的共同犯罪方式。典型的有组织犯罪具有组织结构严密 ,犯罪系统呈开放性 ,以谋取经济利益为主要犯罪目标、并对政治和社会问题施加影响 ,采用暴力、恐怖、贿赂腐蚀基本手段等特征。有组织犯罪可分为一般共同犯罪、结伙犯罪、团伙犯罪、犯罪集团、黑恶势力、黑社会性质犯罪、黑社会犯罪等类型。虽然在性质上有区别 ,但从发展的观点来看 ,应视为都是有组织犯罪的不同发展阶段 。

Organized crime is a special form of joint offence. Typical organized crime is characterized by high organization, open criminal system, mainly aiming at economic benefit, imposing influence on political and social issues, and taking the means of violence, terrorism, bribery and corruption. Organized crimes can be classified into joint offence, complicity crime, gang crime, criminal gang, evil force, underworld, underworld-like crime, and underworld crime. There are differences in nature with the above-mentioned type of crimes, in terms of development, they, however, should be viewed as the different developmental stages of organized crime and listed as the chiefly attacked objects.