北京市家庭户的变化及外来人口影响

The Change of Household and the Influence of In-migrants

根据第五次人口普查数据 ,北京市的集体户人口比例已高达 12 % ,并且在家庭人口中外来人口比例也从 1990年的 2 %急剧提高到近 12 % ,这些重大变化在对北京市人口老龄化和家庭户变迁的学术研究和政策制定时均已不可忽视。本文计算了不同口径的北京市人口老龄化水平 ,还揭示出近年来北京市家庭户规模的大幅下降的主要原因仍是少儿比例的不断降低。本文还从年龄别、户主率和户居类型比例两个角度揭示了家庭结构变化和家庭养老功能 。

According to the 5 th population census data, population in collective household reached 12 percent in the total; and the share of in-migrants have increased to 12 percent from only 2 percent in 1990 within family household population. These findings imply that the collective household population and in-migrants are no longer negligible in study and policy making pertaining to population aging and family. The proportions of the aged people are calculated for Beijing in different approaches. The analysis turns out the shrinking family size is mainly resulted by declination in proportion of young population. This paper also analyzes the family change in terms of age-specific headship rate approach, and depicted the population distribution by various family household types for age groups. In particular, the comparisons are conducted between the local people and in-migrants.