中国Holdridge生命地带平均中心的时空分布及其偏移趋势

Temporal and spatial distribution and movement tendency of mean center of the Holdridge life zones in China

在分析目前生态地理模型及其实现方法的基础上 ,提出基于 ARC/ INFO与 VC++综合集成的先插值再运行模型的全新研究方法和技术路线 ,克服了以前模型实现过程中所存在的局限性。利用中国 1 96 2～ 2 0 0 2年 735个站点逐日温度与降水量观测数据 ,通过对 Holdridge生命地带模型和生命地带平均中心模型进行模拟运算后获得中国 Holdridge生命地带类型平均中心时空分布图及 2 0世纪 6 0、70、80与 90年代平均中心偏移趋势图。从生命地带类型平均中心时空分布及其偏移趋势分析研究中发现 ,生命地带类型平均中心的时空分布及其偏移趋势与相关气候因子的变化趋势相对应 ,并能够很好地与我国土地覆被类型实际的空间分布及其变化情况相符 ;各种生命地带类型平均面积的变化规律与相应的气候因子的变化趋势 (尤其是降水量、温度 )存在着一定相关性。另外 。

On the basis of analyzing ecogeographical models and studying those methods being realized at the present time, a new research method integrated by ARC/INFO and VC++ is put forward, which can overcome those limitations existed before methods and techniques. In the new methods operated process, before the Holdridge life zone model and life zones mean center model are simulated, the original datum are interpolated and become grid studying those methods being realized at the present time. Based on the daily surface air temperature datum and precipitation datum were observed on 735 stations in china from 1960 to 2002, and through run these models with the new studied method and techniques, the temporal and spatial distribution map of Holdridge life zones, and the mean center movement tendency maps of Holdridge life zones are obtained, respectively, in 1960s, 1970s, 1980s and 1990s in china. According to comparing and analyzing the temporal and spatial distribution map and the mean center movement tendency maps of Holdridge life zones, some rules and phenomena are archived: The movement speed of the Boreal moist forest, Boreal rain forest and Cool temperature moist forest is faster than other types that express these life zone types are instability and fragility. These results are good consistently with the change trend of temperature and precipitation. So through researching and tracking their movement tendencies and directions, we can get the information of the changes of the climatic factors and land cover in china. Moreover these results and phenomena express between climate change and Holdrdige life zone tendency have good relativity. For example, the mean center of warm temperate desert scrub mainly moved toward southeast in the simulated results is consistent with the fact in china. The desert area's expanding and its movement direction mostly lies on the temperature rise and intensive human activity, especially overgraze in northwest china. Furthermore, the mean area ratio of all Holdridge life is similar as the actual land cover in china. The ratio of Cool temperature steppe is at percent of 17.37 that is the most in all life zone types, and the ratio of the Boreal desert, Cool temperate desert, Warm temperature desert and tropical desert is quite a number of the all types.