鄱阳湖湿地生态能值分析研究

Researches on the emergy analysis of Poyanghu wetland

应用奥德姆 (H.T.Odum)创立的生态经济系统能值分析理论 ,定量分析鄱阳湖湿地生态系统内的物流和能流。研究认为分析湿地生态效益主要有 4个步骤 ,即 :(1 )建立概念性的能值分析系统 ,全面反映能值分析方法 ;(2 )能值指标系统分析表制作与能值计算 ;(3)能值指标估算 ;(4 )依能值指标系统分析表和能值图解阐述湿地生态效益。通过整理实地考察所获数据和历史资料 ,运用所提的方法进行分析研究 ,其湿地生态系统能值图解和能值指标分析表的分析结果表明 :鄱阳湖湿地的投入量太阳能值为 3.36× 1 0 1 9sej,产出量太阳能值为 3.0 7× 1 0 2 0 sej,初级生产力为 5 .0 4× 1 0 1 9sej,不可再生能源或资源为 6 .35× 1 0 1 9sej,资本投入 /产出中的生态服务、生态旅游和科研工作太阳能值分别有 8.79× 1 0 1 9sej,4 .80× 1 0 1 9sej,1 .0 5× 1 0 1 9sej,总计 1 .4 6× 1 0 2 0sej,进而得出鄱阳湖湿地生态系统整体投入 /产出的效益良好。湿地水禽的太阳能值为 1 .6 1× 1 0 2 0 sej,说明鄱阳湖湿地在保护水禽方面的地位不可替代 。

The Emergy and material flux of Poyanghu wetland ecosystem were analyzed in this paper by Emergy analysis theory of ecological economy system which was created by H.T.Odum. The article concludes that four steps should be included in the emergy analysis process of wetland ecological benefits: (1) emergy analysis concept ional system should be built up, which can reflect the emergy analysis method; (2) emergy analysis table being drafted out and the emergy value being calculated; (3) emergy indices being estimated; (4) wetland ecological benefits should be expatiated according to analytical tables of emergy indices system and emergy schemes. By collecting field investigating data and historical information, using the method provided by the article, analyzing the Emergy schemes and tables of wetland ecosystem, we got that the solar Emergy input is 3.36×10^(19)sej, solar Emergy output is 3.07×10^(20)sej, the elementary productivity is 5.04×10^(19)sej, irreproducible Emergy and resource is 6.35×10^(19)sej, the solar Emergy of ecological service, ecological tourism and research work in the input/output system respectively are 8.79×10^(19)sej, 4.80×10^(19)sej, 1.05×10^(19)sej, and summed up to 1.46×10^(20)sej. So, the benefit in the integrated input/output system of Poyanghu wetland ecosystem is well. The solar Emergy of wetland waterfowls is 1.61×10^(20)sej, which indicates the irreplaceable status of Boyanghu wetland in waterfowl protection and the important ecological function in Changjiang basin.