东灵山地区啮齿动物群落组成及优势种群的季节变动

Small Rodents Community Composition and Seasonal Changes of Their Dominant Populations in Dongling Mountain

2000年9月和2001年9月在东灵山地区采用夹夜法对小型啮齿动物群落进行调查。共捕获啮齿动物6种,总捕获率为16 08%。大林姬鼠是该地区小型啮齿动物群落中的优势种。同时将8种生境样地划分为7类啮齿动物群落:即落叶松人工林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落、灌丛大林姬鼠+社鼠群落、辽东栎矮林大林姬鼠+大仓鼠群落、弃耕地大林姬鼠+黑线姬鼠群落、油松人工林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落、针润混交林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落、辽东栎林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落。群落间的相似性系数普遍较高,其中油松人工林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落和辽东栎林大林姬鼠+社鼠群落的相似性最高。灌丛大林姬鼠+社鼠群落的多样性指数和均匀性指数最高。

The composition of the small rodents community were investigated by using method of trap-night in Dongling Mountain of Beijing in September 2000 and September 2001. There were 209 individuals of 6 species small rodents trapped. The total rate of small rodents captured was 16.08%. The Apodemus peninsulae was the most dominant species of the small rodents community in study area. The small rodents were divided into 7 communities. Namely: Larch forest A. peninsulae + Niviventer confucianus community; shrubland A. peninsulae + N. confucianus community, Liaodong oak coppice A. peninsulae + Cricetulus triton community; abandoned farmland A. peninsulae + A. agrarius community,Chinese pine forest A.peninsulae+N.confucianus community,Conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest A.peninsulae+N.confucianus community, Liaodong oak forest A.peninsulae+N.confucianus community. The index of similarity of small rodents communities was generally high, and the index of the similarity between small rodents in Chinese pine artificial forest community and Liaodong oak forest community was the highest. The highest diversity and evenness index were in the shrub A. peninsulae + N. confucianus community. The numbers of small rodents were investigated monthly from May to October in 2000 and 2001. The population fluctuation in A. peninsulae and N. confucianus had singled-peak curve, and the highest population density was in August. The fluctuation of two populations in two years were high.