新疆百合负泥虫生物学特性及防治

Studies on the Biological Characteritic and Control of the Lilioceris Lilii(Scopoli) in Xinjiang

在新疆百合负泥虫(Liliocerislilii(Scopoli))是贝母生长中的一个极重要的害虫和发现的负泥虫亚科新纪录种。每年发生1代,成虫多在近溪流的岩石缝隙里越冬。越冬成虫从4～6月底相继出现,幼虫出现于5～6月底,卵、幼虫和成虫在田间重叠明显。产卵于叶背面,孵出的幼虫立即啮食寄主嫩叶。为躲避早春冰冻,1～2龄幼虫钻入地下鳞茎内部蛀食造成多数孔道。成熟幼虫在地下10cm处化蛹。5～6月是虫口发生的两个明显高峰。不同地点诱捕试验证明:早春的砂贝母(Fritillariakarelinii(Fisch)Baker)和秋天的木山茄(Solanumdepila tumkitag)和大刺儿菜(Cephalanoplossetosum(willd)kitam),对百合负泥虫是强效的诱虫植物。试验表明,栽培1%的诱虫植物,远比为防除成虫、幼虫和卵,在整个贝母田间喷洒杀虫剂或沸水的效果好得多。从而避免了残余杀虫剂对药用鳞茎和花枝的污染。

The Lilioceris lilii (Scopoli) is the most important insect pest in Fritillary growing and is a new record species of Criocerinae districts in Xinjiang of China. It has one generation per year and lives through the winter as an adult in the rock crack near brook.The emergence of overwintering adult extends from the beginning of April to the end of June. The larvae generation occur at the end of May and Julg. With overlapping generations of eggs and larvae and adult clearly occur in the field.Eggs are deposited on the back of the leaf.Newly hatched larvae immediately attacked the tender leaves of the host.1～2 instar bored into the underground bulb, feeding themselves inside and making many holes in it to avoid early spring freezing.The mature larvae pupate in the depths of 10 cm.under ground.Two peaks of population growth always occur in May and July.Trapping tests in different regions proved that a Fritillaria karelinii(Fisch.) Baker in early spring and a Solanum depilatum Kitag and a Cephalanoplos setosum (Willd.) Kitam. in autumn was very strong trap plant for Lilioceris lilii (Scopoli). The results showed that most effective of trap plant should contain 1 % cultured trap plant and the trapping effect was much better than that the conventional spraying pesticide or boiling water(ZL96213030.3) to kill the adults and the larvae and the eggs on all field Fritillaries thus stoped pesticide residues pollution for medical bulbus and flower pidicel.