摘要
We present here a general overview of electron spectroscopies from a practical point of view. The most frequently used ones are described and the type of structural information they can provide on materials is explained in relation to the physical processes on which they are based. Furthermore, we explore critically and in detail various tools that have been developed to allow a systematic solving of structures by these spectroscopies.
We present here a general overview of electron spectroscopies from a practical point of view. The most frequently used ones are described and the type of structural information they can provide on materials is explained in relation to the physical processes on which they are based. Furthermore, we explore critically and in detail various tools that have been developed to allow a systematic solving of structures by these spectroscopies.
基金
We are grateful to Francine Solal for a critical reading of the manuscript and for helpful comments.Zi-Yu WU acknowledges the financial support of the 100-Talent Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
of the Outstanding Youth Fund(10125523)
Key Important Nano-Research Project(90206032)of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
