海绵窦内侧壁的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of medial wall of cavernous sinus

目的 :研究海绵窦内侧壁的解剖学特点 ,探讨垂体腺瘤侵犯海绵窦的解剖学机制及其相关临床意义。方法 :对成人尸头海绵窦周壁进行显微解剖和HE染色组织学观察。结果 :海绵窦内侧壁明显较外侧壁和上壁薄弱 ,且有3例存在自然缺损。结论 :海绵窦内侧壁薄弱甚至缺损是垂体腺瘤侵犯海绵窦的解剖学基础 。

Objective: To study the anatomical nature of medial wall of the cavernous sinus (CS) for exploring the anatomical mechanism of pituitary adenomas extending into the CS and the relevant clinical significance. Methods: The medial walls of CS. from heads of 20 adult cadavers were dissected. the aid of microscope. With H E staining, the histological relationship between the pituitary gland and the medial wall of the CS was observed under optical microscope. Results: In contrast to the medial wall, the superior and lateral walls of the CS consisted of thicker layers of collagen fibers. The medial wall was significantly thinner than the superior and the lateral walls. Histologically, we found small defects in the capsule in 3 of 40 sections, through which normal adenohypophysis extended into the CS. Conclusion: The weakness of the medial wall may play an important role in the process of adenoma extension into the CS as a potential pathway. As a result, we can take the advantage of the anatomical characteristics to wholly remove pituitary adenomas extending into the CS through the medial walls.