兔自体骨髓基质细胞经皮移植修复骨缺损的实验研究

Treatment of rabbits’ bone defect by percutaneous injection of autogenic mesenchymal stem cells

目的 :比较兔骨髓基质细胞 (MSC)与新鲜红骨髓经皮注射到骨缺损处后的成骨能力。方法 :1 8只新西兰兔经穿刺抽取骨髓培养 ,将扩增的MSC收集稀释成悬液 0 .5ml(细胞数约 5× 1 0 6) ,加入 1 0 0ngBMP后经皮注射到兔双侧桡骨缺损中的一侧 ( 1 8侧 ) ,对侧分别注射骨髓 0 .5ml (含BMP 1 0 0ng)( 1 3侧 )。分别于 2、 4、 8周行X线、组织病理学检查。结果 :X线、组织病理切片表明BMP +MSC组多数术后 2周有明显的骨痂生成 ,术后 4～ 8周形成骨性连接 ,新骨形成、骨改建及骨髓成熟度指标均优于对照组 ,两行差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :在相同条件下 ,体外扩增诱导的MSC较新鲜红骨髓有更强、更快的成骨能力。经皮注射MSCs +BMP能够迅速促进兔桡骨缺损处新骨形成 ,修复骨缺损。

Objective:To compare the results of treatment of rabbit's radial bone defects by percutaneous injection of autogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow(BM).Method: MSCs derived from bone marrow of 18 New Zealand rabbits were cultured in vitro.Standard radial bony defect models were formed by osteotomy;The monolayer cells (5×10~6)were collected and mixed with loong BMP 24h postoperatively and percutaneously injected into the established radial bone defect on one side in each rabbit respectively.The contralateral bone defect was used as control,which were treated with fresh BM. Radiographic and histological examinations were made at the 2^(nd),4^(th) and 8^(th) week postoperatively. Result:Radiographic and histological examination after transplantation showed that demonstrated obvious callus formation at the 2^(nd) wk and bony union with marrow at 4～8 wks postoperatively on most of the experimental sides.The control sides only 2 healed. Conclusion:This experiment indicates that percutaneous injection of autogenic MSCs could improve the repair of bone defects,and MSCs have a more powerful ability of bone formation than fresh BM.