无痛注射治疗化疗药物引起渗漏的对比观察

Comparision observation about leakage of chemical therapy drug in painless injection

目的 :比较冰敷、利多卡因、氟美松、维生素B12 与氟美松、维生素B12 治疗化疗药物引起渗漏的疗效 ,观察 2种治疗的进针方法、退针方法、病变皮肤完全恢复正常的时间、患者疼痛的程度。方法 :用冰敷、利多卡因、氟美松、维生素B12 治疗化疗药物引起的渗漏 13例为实验组 ,用氟美松、维生素B12 治疗化疗药物引起渗漏的 13例为对照组。记录病变皮肤完全恢复正常的时间 ,进针及退针所用时间 ,比较治疗过程及化疗药物刺激造成 0～ 3级疼痛患者的百分数。结果 :实验组皮肤无明显改变 ,静脉闭锁病例少 ,局部无疤痕形成。对照组病变皮肤完全恢复正常最长约需 10d ,个别病例局部形成疤痕。实验组注射利多卡因的进针、退针、注药时间短 ,最长为 4s ,患者 0、1级疼痛病例多 ,疼痛程度轻。对照组因进针、退针、注药疼痛最长达 2 4 0s ,患者 2、 3级疼痛病例多 ,致患者疼痛程度重 (P <0 0 1)。实验组因冰敷及应用利多卡因 ,化疗药物刺激未造成患者疼痛 ,对照组因化疗药物刺激造成患者疼痛 ,最长为 330 + h ,疼痛程度重 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :冰敷、利多卡因、氟美松、维生素B12 治疗化疗药物引起渗漏进针方法及退针方法科学 ,患者疼痛时间短 ,痛苦程度轻 ,病变皮肤完全恢复正常的时间短 。

Objective:To compare drug leakage treatment with ice conpress with lidocaine,Dexamethasone,VitB 12 injection and injection of Dexamethasone,VitB 12.Method:In experiment group,leakage had been treated with lidocaine,Dexametharovce,VitB 12 and ice compress;In control group,leakage had been treated with Dex and VitB 12.Result:In experiment group,there are no skin change,less vein occlusure,or local scar formation;In control skin recovery need 10 days or so.In experiment group,painess show moderate because of shorter duration of needle inplantation,removemnt and injection also because of ice compress.Conclusion:Ice compress,lidocaine,Dex,VitB 12 can treat chemotherapy drugs leakage,with less painess,shorter duration,shorter recovery time for skin.