新型杀螨剂F1050优势降解菌(芽孢杆菌)的筛选及其鉴定

Screening and Indentification of Dominant Degradation Microorganisms to Miticide F1050

为探明土壤微生物对新农药F1050的降解能力,用平板稀释和富集培养法分离驯化土壤中F1050的优势降解细菌,并用合成培养基进行纯化培养,利用美国Biolog公司的细菌自动鉴定系统,初步筛选出5个菌株:ZJU.01为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubtilis,69%);ZJU.02为巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillusmegaterium,99%);ZJU.03为腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscereus,86%);ZJU.04为腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscereus,92%);ZJU.05为球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillussphaericus,99%)。F1050添加浓度为50mg/kg的液体培养和室内土壤模拟降解试验结果表明,ZJU.02、ZJU.04和ZJU.05三个优势降解菌株对F1050表现出了较强的降解能力,50mg/kgF1050的降解半衰期为6.41～6.74d,而对照的灭菌和未灭菌土壤中的半衰期分别达72.20和29.88d;不同菌株对F1050的降解能力没有显著差异。

For exploring the degradation of miticide F1050 by microorganisms, the plate methods and enrichment culture were progressed. Five strains of bacteria were obtained in soil by purification culture on the synthetic medium for miticide F1050, which were ZJU.01(Bacillus subtilis 69%), ZJU.02(Bacillus megaterium 99%), ZJU.03(Bacillus cereus 86%), ZJU.04(Bacillus cereus 92%), ZJU.05(Bacillus sphaericus 99%). Results of the microbial degradation showed that ZJU.02,ZJU.04 and ZJU.05 among those bacteria tested had special ability to degrade the chemicals in a series of culture medium with different volumes(10% in total volume) of bacteria suspension while the concentration of the acaricide at 50 mg/L in the media. And the miticide has a promoted degradation process in soil by bacteria, the half-lives were 6.48 d, 6.74 d and 6.41 d respectively, compared with 29.88 d and 72.20 d in unsterilized or sterilized soil. There was no significant difference among the three dominant strains of miticide F1050.